2019届高三英语四模试题【与】联考2019届高三英语阶段性测试（六）含解析【与】八市2019届高三语文第四次测评试卷

　2019届高三英语四模试题

　2019届高三模拟考试试卷

　英　　语

　2019.5

　本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分120分，考试时间120分钟。

　 第Ⅰ卷(选择题　共85分)

　第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)

　第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)

　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

　 (　　)1. How will the man pay probably?

　A. By credit card.  B. By check.  C. In cash

　(　　)2. When will the party begin?

　A. In 10 minutes  B. In 15 minutes.  C. In 30 minutes.

　(　　)3. What is the man going to do?

　A. Sell something.  B. Leave his company.  C. Have a job interview.

　(　　)4. What are the speakers talking about?

　A. Sports.  B. Fashion.  C. Magazines.

　(　　)5. How d

　oes the man respond to the woman?

　A. He's doubtful.  B. He's impressed.  C. He's inspired.

　第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

　 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

　 (　　)6. What subject is the man poor at?

　A. Science.  B. English.  C. Math.

　(　　)7. What does the man ask the woman to do after class?

　A. Give him the pencil back.  　　　　B. Help him with his homework.

　C. Lend him some English books.

　听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

　 (　　)8. Why was the man worried?

　A. He lost his wallet.  B. His mother has been ill.

　C. He was fined for speeding.

　(　　)9. What will the man have to do in the

　 end?

　A. Pay the fine.  B. Go to the hospital.  C. Repair his car.

　听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

　 (　　)10. What type of equipment does the kitchen have?

　A. A refrigerator.  B. A stove.  C. An electric pan.

　(　　)11. What do we know about the room?

　A. It faces north.  　　　　B. It's in the front of the house.

　C. It's right under the roof.

　(　　)12. To whom is the man talking?

　A. A landlady.  B. A teacher.  C. A babysitter.

　听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

　 (　　)13. Which city does the man want to go to?

　A. New York.  B. Toronto.  C. London.

　(　　)14. How does the woman suggest the man get to his final destination?

　A. By taxi.  B. By subway.  C. By airport shuttle.

　(　　)15. How long will it take the man to collect his luggage?

　A. Less than an hour.  　　　B. About an hour and thirty minutes.

　C. At least two hours.

　(　　)16. Where does the conversation probably take place?

　A. At an airport information center.  　　　　　B. On the telephone.

　C. At a

　 ticket office.

　听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

　 (　　)17. In which state will a store be opening soon?

　A. Montana.  B. Oregon  C. California.

　(　　)18. Who is the speaker thanking?

　A. The company's owner.  　　　　　B. The company's employees.

　C. The company's customers.

　(　　)19. What does the speaker want the audience mainly to do?

　A. Email the company with some ideas.

　B. Rethink their marketing plan.

　C. Tell others about the new stores.

　(　　)20. How should people find out about the new positions?

　A. By looking at the company's website.

　B. By applying directly at a new location.

　C. By sending the woman an email.

　第二部分：英语基础知识运用(共两节，满分35分)

　第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

　请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　 (　　)21. His children wer

　e his pride, and being a devoted father became a top ________ in his life.

　A. capacity  B. anxiety  C. priority  D. opportunity

　(　　)22. This raw chocolate tastes pretty delicious due to ________ amount of melted pure fresh cream.

　A. equal  B. generous  C. insufficient  D. tiny

　(　　)23. The Party could have stated ________ their policy was on this matter, but the voters only received a very dusty answer.

　A. why  B. when  C. whether  D. what

　(　　)24. Why do many students stick to private tutoring ________ they could easily master such knowledge at school?

　A. unless  B. before  C. after  D. when

　(　　)25. When the organization ________ in March, 2019, there was almost no money in the bank and more than $1 million of debt.

　A. folded 

　 B. boomed  C. registered  D. sprang

　(　　)26. We can find beautiful light in the other person, which may be precisely what we ________ for all along.

　A. are searching  B. will search  C. have been searching  D. have searched

　(　　)27. The customs officers were insisting that suitcases should be opened and their contents ________ for closer inspection.

　A. laid out  B. given out  C. sent out  D. picked out

　(　　)28. Scientists have introduced a new model of 3D printer, ________ differs from the existing ones in certain aspects.

　A. as  B. which  C. who  D. that

　(　　)29. I am so thrilled to have my underwater photos ________ in the National Geographic and on the cover!

　A. to be featured  B. featured  C. being featured  D. to feature

　(　　)30. If the new security system ________ into effect, such accidents would never have happened. 

　A. would be put  B. were put  C. should be put  D. had been put

　(　　)31. Lucia impressed her peer students with her musical talent, as well as several foreign languages ________．

　A. on her own 

　 B. under her control  C. in her charge  D. at her command

　(　　)32. Many writers are drawn to building a world, ________ readers are somewhat familiar with but also feel distant from our normal lives. 

　A. it  B. one  C. that  D. the one

　(　　)33. Hardly ever ________ so many choices for young people entering the workforce as there are today. 

　A. there are  B. there have been  C. have there been  D. are there

　(　　)34. —Sir, I'm late because my car broke down on the way. 

　—________. I've had enough of your excuses. 

　A. Cut it out  B. Suit yourself  C. You can't be serious  D. It makes sense

　(　　)35. —Thank God I passed the interview yesterday. I was sweating heavily.

　—Me too. I ________ when I was sitting outside waiting.

　A. looked down my nose  B. let my hair down

　C. had butterflies in my stomach  D. chanced my arm

　第二节：

　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

　请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　 My kids sit in Gee's living room and cautiously lift antique Christmas ornaments(饰品) out of a well－loved cardboard box. Gee stands bes

　ide them, quietly __36__ each treasure. She tells me that she and Tom built their ornament __37__ piece by piece during each year's after－Christmas sale. She __38__ as we leave with the box. Her precious treasures, gathered over a lifetime, have found a new __39__. 

　We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage. Someone had been __40__ our garbage cans to the garage each garbage day, and Jim and I had __41__ who. Then one day we __42__ him: an elderly man who lived across the street. 

　I baked cookies and left them on a stool outside the garage with a thank－you note. When we got home from work that day, a typed letter had__43__ the gift. The letter was from Tom and explained how he had come to walk the neighborhood on garbage day, returning cans for people he __44__ knew. Back when he'd been fighting a war I wasn't __45__ to see, his young wife, Gee, had found herself living alone. Neighbors had taken the time to handle her garbage cans __46__ she didn't have to, and he never forgot. Now he __47__ it forward by doing the same for all of us. 

　A few years after we'd moved in, Tom __48__. We photocopied that __49__ and attached it to one of our own for Gee. We told her how __50__ Tom had been to us and how we grieved for her. She wrote back and told us she __51__ talked to Tom every day. When Gee invited us over to look through Christmas ornaments, I realized how hard it must be to __52__ with that box, a piece of Tom. 

　Jim and I agree to__53__ our tree with Gee's ornaments this Christmas, out of the box that is __54__ in Tom's handwriting. Maybe I'll talk to him just as Gee still does. Thank you, I'll say, for teaching us what it __55__ to be a neighbor.

　(

　　　)36. A. confirming  B. explaining  C. revealing  D. touching

　(　　)37. A. shelf  B. basement  C. art  D. collection

　(　　)38. A. smiles  B. weeps  C. sighs  D. hesitates

　(　　)39. A. home  B. destination  C. function  D. chance

　(　　)40. A. distributing  B. exposing  C. returning  D. attaching

　(　　)41. A. discovered  B. wondered  C. foreseen  D. investigated

　(　　)42. A. spotted  B. impressed  C. acknowledged  D. grasped

　(　　)43. A. answered  B. replaced  C. delivered  D. rewarded

　(　　)44. A. especially  B. thoroughly

　  C. previously  D. barely

　(　　)45. A. willing  B. voluntary  C. alive  D. keen

　(　　)46. A. so  B. before  C. because  D. if

　(　　)47. A. brought  B. carried  C. paid  D. pushed

　(　　)48. A. survived  B. withdrew  C. retired  D. died

　(　　)49. A. note  B. gift  C. letter  D. treasure

　(　　)50. A. grateful  B. close  C. special  D. superior

　(　　)51. A. still  B. even  C. just  D. ever

　(　　)52. A. live  B. finish  C. go  D. part

　(　　)53. A. supply  B. manage  C. decorate  D. arm

　(　　)54. A. drafted  B. labeled  C. signed  D. preserved

　(　　)55. A. reflects  B. desires  C. anticipates  D. means

　第三部分：

　阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

　请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　 A

　How to Get the Best Hotel Deal

　Taking the entire family on vacation can add up quickly—flights, rental car, ga

　s, meals, snacks, and of course, hotels. However, by doing some research and using three__little__words,__you could end up saving a lot of money on accommodations. 

　First, search hotel booking sites like TripAdvisor or Expedia and check out the hotel rates in your location for the dates you would like to book. Take down all the prices you find online for that hotel. But even if you find a steal of a deal or “a special discount”， don't press the book button on the website just yet.

　After researching prices online, experts say the best way to get the lowest hotel rate is to call the hotel directly—not any of the customer service or 1—800 numbers that could be listed as a contact number, especially for a chain hotel. Then you're going to drop some magic words. While you might be tempted to ask for “the best deal” or “the lowest rate”， your secret weapon here is to use the phrase “cheapest nonrefundable rate”. According to experts at

　 Travel＋Leisure, that phrase triggers hotel staff to search for the room that will cost you the least for your vacation.

　If you do end up trying to negotiate a better price, mention the numbers you found online and then reduce those prices by 20 percent. Apparently hotels pay a hefty fee to be listed on hotel booking sites, and that 20 percent could actually mean more money than they would get if you booked through one of them. 

　Just don't wait until the last minute to score a deal, because that can lead to paying more, not less. Fred Lalonde, founder of the travel service Hopper, told Travel＋Leisure that the best deals on hotels are usually available two to three months ahead of the vacation date, potentially saving you more than $270 for an eight－day stay. 

　(　　)56. What does the underlined part “three little words” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

　A. A special discount.  B. The best deal.

　C. The lowest rate.  D. Cheapest nonrefundable rate.

　(　　)57. According to the passage, the preferred way to get the best hotel deal is to ________. 

　A. call the target hotels to bargain with the staff

　B. collect and

　 compare the prices found online

　C. book hotels just before your departure time

　D. turn to hotel booking sites for a discount

　B

　There is a 1930s－old restaurant in my hometown that has done little to update itself over the past 80 years. This is part of its charm, as is the wooden phone booth that sits neglected in the age of the cellphone.

　Ah, the phone booth. We need it now more than ever.

　For me it symbolizes that phone calls were once private affairs, even if the information being shared was not sensitive in any way. It was simply assumed that a phone conversation was meant for two people, and two people only. In public places this meant turning to the phone booth—a private chamber where one could converse in peace without being overheard.

　Even at home, phone calls used to be regarded as private. Growing up in the 1960s, we had one phone in the house—fixed to the kitchen wall.

　As a kid, I didn't get or make many calls. I do, however, remember answering the phone, asking for the identity of the caller, and then handing the phone to my mom. She'd take it, say “Hello, Mrs. Flaubert

　，” and then, “one moment please，” as she placed her hand over the receiver, turned to me, and directed, “This is for me. Why don't you go outside and play？”

　Flash－forward to what cellphones have done to this idyll. Within the space of very few years, private conversations have become public declaration, and being overheard seems to be the point. A large part of the problem, of course, is that we now carry our phones with us, and the reflex(反射) to answer the device as soon as it rings is a response Pavlov would have appreciated.

　But the information is revealed! Not long ago I was sitting in Boston's South Station, waiting for my train. After purchasing a sandwich, I sat down at a table near a man who was on his cellphone.

　Let me paraphrase what the man had to say：“Yes, that's right. The red and yellow roses. That will be a Visa.” Then he proceeded to recite his card number and expiration date before signing off. 

　I stared unbelievably at the fellow. He glanced at me and asked，“What？”

　My response was immediate: I r

　ecited his card number back to him, along with the expiration date.

　There is no more privacy, no longer a sense of personal borders or limits and the cellphone has become a loudspeaker. 

　To return to phone booths: Why did they disappear? And should you think a phone booth has no value today, I saw one on eBay going for $4，750.

　(　　)58. Why do private conversations turn into public declaration according to the passage?

　A. Phone booths have died out in modern life.

　B. People lack a sense of personal borders or limits.

　C. The content of phone calls is not that sensitive.

　D. It is convenient for people to reach for cellphones.

　(　　)59. By describing what happened in Boston's South Station, the author indicates that ________．

　A. it's ridiculous to answer cellphones in public places

　B. it's impolite to overhear others answering cellphones

　C. it's necessary to keep a safe distance from others when answering phones

　D. it's inappropriate to touch on personal information in cellphone conversations

　(　　)60. What can we conclude from the passage?

　A. Pavlov is in favor of answering cellphon

　es instantly.

　B. Something seemingly old－fashioned holds its charm today.

　C. Phone booths are very popular with consumers on the Internet.

　D. People used to lack a sense of trust and security in the 1960s.

　C

　One day in 1995, a large, heavy middle－aged man robbed two Pittsburgh banks in broad daylight. He didn't wear a mask and he smiled at surveillance cameras before walking out of each bank. Later that night, police arrested a surprised McArthur Wheeler. When they showed him the surveillance tapes, Wheeler stared in disbelief. “But I wore the juice，” he mumbled. Apparently, Wheeler thought that rubbing lemon juice on his skin would make him invisible to videotape cameras. After all, lemon juice is used as invisible ink so, as long as he didn't come near a heat source, he should have been completely invisible.

　The case caught the eye of the psychologist David Dunning at

　 Cornell University, who enlisted his graduate student, Justin Kruger, to see what was going on. They reasoned that, while 

　联考2019届高三英语阶段性测试（六）含解析

　联考 2018-2019学年髙中毕业班阶段性测试（六）

　英语

　考生注意：

　 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上 的指定位置。

　 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦 干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

　 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

　 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

　   做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。     

　第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

　    听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

　 例：How much is the shirt?

　A.? 19.15.    B.?9.18.    C.?9.15.

　答案是C。

　 1. What did the man think of the shirt?

　A. Heavy.    B.    Expensive.    C. Ugly.

　2. Where will the woman probably go?

　A. To the classroom.    B.    To the library.    C. To the store.

　3. Where does the woman think the man might have left his bag?

　A.In the classroom.    B.    In the hall.    C. In the gym'

　4. How does the man feel about his mother?

　A.Awfully sorry.    B.    Quite worried.    C. Quite relieved.

　5. Why won’ t the woman lend her car to the man?

　A.Her car is broken.    B.    Her car won’ t be available. C. Her car is in the countryside.

　第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

　    听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

　 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

　 6. What is the discount based on?

　A.The order size.    B.    Payment means.    C. Product types.

　7.What discount will the man get?

　A. 5%.    B.10%. C. 50%.

　听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 

　8. What does the woman think of the Drama Club?

　A. Attractive.    B. Uninteresting. C. Too hard.

　9. What may happen to a student if he acts in a drama?

　A. He may become another person in life.

　B. He may be recognized easily on campus.

　C. He’ 11 have more chances to meet drama stars.

　听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

　 10. Why did the man take the farther route this morning?

　A.To meet a girl.    B.    To make a call. C. To avoid buying cigarettes.

　11. Why did he fall down?

　A.The road was rough.    B.    He bumped into a tree. C. He ran into another person

　12. Why did he go back?

　A.To find his cellphone.    B.    To buy some cigarettes. C. To go to school.

　听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

　 13. What is the man’s job?

　A. host.    B.    A doctor. C. A teacher.

　14. Who used to be a doctor?

　A. The woman 's friend.             

　B. The woman's mother.

　C. The mother of the woman's friend.

　15. How long did it take the woman to become a qualified doctor?

　A.One year.    B.    Four years. C. Five years.

　16. How does the woman like her job?

　A. She enjoys it.

　B. She thinks it's boring.

　C. She thinks it's poorly paid.

　听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

　 17. How many people were missing on Tuesday?

　A.10.    B. Over 17. C. Over 70.

　18. When might the Brisbane River rise to 12 feet?

　A.On Tuesday.    B. On Thursday. C. On Saturday.

　19. Why will there be no power on Wednesday?

　A. It will be cut for safety reasons.

　B. The power lines will be under water.

　C. Heavier storms will damage the lines completely.

　20. Which country has the flood struck?

　A.France.    B. Australia. C. Germany.

　第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

　第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

　    阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　 A

　    The annual Hong Kong Book Fair is one of the largest of its kind in Asia，attracting the attendance of several hundred thousand book lovers. The Fair gives readers an opportunity to have a preview of new books and to communicate with book writers. It also aims at promoting local reading culture through the organization of various activities.

　    During the seven-day event, it’s also hoped that visitors would respond and contribute to the Fair’s appeal for environmental protection to make the Hong Kong Book Fair a green spotlight.

　Download app to reduce papers

　    The HK Book Fair app is newly developed this year to provide instant fair updates for visitors. Go green and reduce the use of paper maps.

　Green travel

　    To prevent serious traffic jams and reduce air pollution, ask your friends to visit the Hong Kong Book Fair together using public transport.

　Carry own shopping bags

　    Plastic shopping bag charging has been fully conducted in Hong Kong. Exhibitors shouldn ’ t distribute plastic bags to customers for free. They ’ 11 have to charge customers no less than 50 cents for each plastic bag. Therefore, visitors are encouraged to carry their own bags!

　Waste recycle

　    Categorized waste recycle bins are placed inside. Please support waste recycle.

　Share the love for forests

　    During and after the Fair，you must be eager to share many photos with your friends, but please try to do so through your blogs or e-mails in order to reduce paper consumption, thus contributing to the protection of our forests. Also, drinking machines and paper cups are available inside. But please be environmentally friendly and try to bring your own bottle.

　21.According to the text， the Hong Kong Book Fair          .

　A.takes place every year              B. lasts a whole fortnight

　C. has had an app since its beginning D. just attracts thousands of book writers

　22.What are visitors to the Fair encouraged to do?

　A.Rent a car with their friends.  B. Bring water bottles themselves.

　C. Stop using shopping bags.       D. Share photos with friends in any way they like.

　23. What is the purpose of the text?

　A.Introducing activities of a book fair.    B. Increasing attendance to a book fair.

　C.Providing details about a book fair.        D. Offering green tips for a book fair.

　B

　    Looking at Rosa Ferrigno's new suit，you could swear it was knitted (织)with regular yam(毛线).It's only when you touch it and hear the characteristic rustling(沙沙声)of plastic that you realize there's something special about it. In fact, the suit is made out of over 300 plastic grocery bags.

　    Ferrigno, who once worked as a tailor before starting a family, got the idea for her unique hand-made suit last August. She was at a family picnic and saw one of the other guests carrying a purse made from re-purposed plastic bags. It attracted her, so she and her daughter searched for instructions on how to make one on YouTube. The 75- year-old ended up making a purse from colorful plastic bags. But that was only the beginning. After finishing her  second plastic bag purse，Ferrigno realized she needed something to match it with，so last November she told her daughter she was going to make a skirt and jacket suit out of plastic bags，as a winter project.

　    Rosa started by cutting up the plastic bags into strips(条)and then tying them together to make longer, yam- like strips that could be knitted. But to knit the plastic yam, she needed large needles that didn’ t exist on the market, so she made them on her own.

　    The suit took Rosa two months to complete. The jacket was made out of 170 plastic bags, and the skirt required another 140. Although she didn’ t even use a pattern when knitting the impressive suit, it ended up fitting her perfectly, and when she finally showed it off at the supermarket earlier this month, everyone went crazy.

　“We love it when our customers reuse or recycle grocery bags, but never have we seen a work of art like Rosa 's! It's really fantastic! ”Jo Natale, the supermarket chain 's vice president of media relations, said,

　24. What makes Rosa Ferrigno’s new suit special?

　A.Its unique way of knitting.           B. Its unusual knitting material.

　C. Its being knitted by an old lady.    D. Its being able to sing when touched.

　25. How did Rosa learn to make purses out of plastic bags?

　A.By modelling a guest.           B. By consulting her daughter.

　C. By watching YouTube videos.    D. By asking a tailor for instructionsf

　26. What do Jo Natale’s words in the last paragraph suggest?

　A. She thinks highly of Rosa's behavior.

　B. Rosa’s work of art will become popular.     

　C. The potential of grocery bags needs further developing.

　D. She thinks all customers should follow Rosa’s footsteps.

　27. What can be inferred about Rosa from the text?

　A.She does nothing without careful planning.    B. She likes showing off her knitting skills.

　C.She is quite able and patient.    D. She is good at matching clothes.

　C

　    Spending time in nature improves children 's academic achievement and healthy development, concludes a new analysis examining hundreds of studies.

　    Ming Kuo, a professor in the Department of Natural Resources (资源)and Environmental Sciences at the University of Illinois, says she expected the important review to lead to more questions than answers. Instead, all signs pointed to the same outcome ：

　“ It 's time to take nature seriously as a resource for learning，” she says. “ In fact, the trend of increasing indoor instruction in hopes of maximizing standardized test performance may be doing more harm than good. ”Kuo and her colleagues found that nature boosts learning in many ways一it helps focus attention, relieve stress , increase physical activity and fitness as well as student self-motivation and enjoyment, etc. Besides, nature creates a calmer, quieter and safer setting for learning.

　     While none of these effects is entirely new, the analysis has pulled for the first time all of the lines of evidence together. Collectively，the findings make a much stronger case for the importance of time in nature. They also provide an explanation for something that has been puzzling scientists—why even small doses of nature sometimes have surprisingly great effects.

　    These effects extend beyond academic achievement. Time in nature appears to develop personal skills and qualities important for future success, and may play an important role in helping children grow up to be environmental stewards. The analysis will surely make schools think about how to better plan their schoolyards and curricula.

　   “ Even small exposures to nature are beneficial. If you're    indoors，having a view    of    your yard    as    opposed    to  facing the wall, that makes a difference. That’s one of the things    that    give us    more    confidence    that    we' re seeing  a real cause-and-effect relationship，” Kuo says. “The bigger the dose of nature we give a person, the bigger the effect we see in them. ”

　28. The underlined word “boosts” in paragraph 3 most probably means “    

　A.promotes       B. makes... interesting

　C.simplifies    D. makes...worthwhile

　29. What does the text say about the analysis examining hundreds of studies?

　A.Its finding    is    completely    new.     B.It remains a puzzle to    scientists.

　C.Its outcome    is    quite    convincing.D.It results in more questions    than answers.

　30. What inspiration can schools draw from the analysis?

　A. They should raise their students' environmental awareness.

　B. They should make all their curricula closely related to nature.

　C. They should move all their students out of the classrooms.

　D. They should green their schoolyards as much as possible.

　31. Which of the following reflects Kuo’s opinion?

　A. Indoor instruction should be stressed to improve test performance.

　B. Nature has long been taken seriously as a learning resource.

　C. Small exposures to nature make almost no difference.

　D. When it comes to time in nature, more is better.

　D

　    Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it, researchers at The University of Texas discovered. Their findings suggest that in order to forget an unwanted experience, more attention should be focused on it.

　    “ Decades of research has shown that we have the ability to forget something out of our own free will, but how our brains do that is still being questioned. Once we can figure out how memories are weakened and come up with ways to control this, we can design treatment to help people rid themselves of unwanted memories，” said Jarrod Lewis-Peacock, the study * s senior author.

　    Memories are dynamic constructions of the brain that regularly get updated， adjusted and reorganized through experience. The brain is constantly remembering and forgetting information—and much of this happens automatically during sleep.

　Their findings not only confirmed that humans have the ability to control what they forget, but that successful intentional forgetting requires more activity than what is required to remember.

　    “ A proper level of brain activity is important to this forgetting mechanism. Too strong, it will strengthen the memory ； too weak, you won，t change it,” said Tracy Wang, lead author of the study. “Importantly，it’s the intention to forget that increases the activation of the memory, and when this activation hits the proper level sweet spot, that，s when it leads to later forgetting of that experience. ”

　     The researchers also found that participants were more likely to forget scenes than faces. “ We，re learning how these mechanisms in our brain respond to different types of information, and it will take a lot of further research before we understand how to use our ability to forget,” said Lewis-Peacock. “Hopefully we can find out how we process and get rid of those really strong memories, which can have a powerful effect on our health and well-being. ”

　32.What remains a puzzle to researchers?

　A. How our memories can be strengthened.

　B. How our brains voluntarily forget something.

　C. What effect unwanted memories have on our brains.

　D. Whether our brains can voluntarily forget something.

　33. Which of the following words can best describe memories?

　A.Casual.    B. Stable.    C. Active,    D.    Permanent.

　34. It can be learned from the text that      .

　A. it requires less attention to forget than to remember

　B. the more active the brain is, the faster it forgets

　C. humans can，t keep memories under control

　D. humans forget faces less easily than scenes

　35. What can be a suitable title for the text?

　A. What It Takes to Forget an Unwanted Experience

　B. Strong Memories Have a Great Influence on Health

　C. Forgetting Uses More Brain Power than Remembering    .

　D. How to Train Our Brains to Voluntarily Forget Something 

　第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）

　    根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　      People generally desire to age gracefully (优雅地)and live a long and healthy life filled with good friends,family, and plenty of activity. 36，it’s far from being a fantasy. The fact is，many seniors do it. So what are their secrets?

　    Avoid stress. Studies show that people who are under lots of stress are at a 20% increased risk of heart attack and stroke. Because of this, avoiding stress as much as possible is one of the best ways to live a happy and healthy life for many years. 37    ，it’s quite useful to learn stress-management techniques to deal with it better.

　    38 You must know that your friends can make you feel happy, but are you aware that they can help you live longer, too? Many studies have found that being alone as you age is a great risk in everything from early death to heart disease and stroke.

　 Set daily goals:    39    . And purposeful living can reduce chances of being depressed. In places like

　     Japan where there are many centenarians(people who live beyond 100 years) , there is a lot of emphasis on living a life of purpose. Try to plan what you will do the next day before going to bed.

　     Exercise. Studies show again and again that exercise is one of the best ways to keep your body and mind fit as you age. In addition to helping you avoid physical diseases like heart disease and diabetes, daily exercise can also help you stay away from mental diseases and will contribute to keeping your body fit, healthy and capable throughout your golden years. 40

　A. Find someone to love

　B. Keep a healthy social life

　C. While it’s impossible to cut stress out of life entirely

　D. Although this is something that many people dream of

　E. Though these tools help reduce the stress of modern-day living

　F. Besides, it's a great way to meet new people and learn new things

　G. Having something to look forward to every day will keep you motivated

　第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分)

　第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）

　    阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　     As I stood at the base of the mountain range beside a remote African village，the male villagers all repeated the same question ：

　Are you certain you want to climb the mountain?

　    It had 41 been climbed by local and foreign men, and local women, but a Western female, who had 42 unaccompanied and wanted to climb the mountain, was quite 43.

　    I explained that I'd been 44 for some time—in research and in physical strength—and showed them the 45 I had got from their government authorizing my climb. I stressed that I'd be very 46 to keep their local traditions and hire one of their villagers as a guide，but it seemed to do little to reduce their 47.

　    The male villagers told me that the “quick mud” I'd meet would swallow me. While they couldn't remember anyone this bad actually 48，they seemed convinced it was a real 49 The village women, however,smiled at me, indicating their 50 for my climb.

　    The men 51 relaying stories of unpredictable danger. However, I was 52 because my aunt，s words kept 53 in my ears—the greatest risk is not taking a risk, and we should always 54 our dreams.

　   Eventually, the men agreed to a( n)    55 that seemed to put them at ease with my climb. Besides the local  guide I' d hire, they also 56 me to hire three men guards with guns， for protection.

　    As I started walking down the dirt path toward the mountain, I was 57  not only by my new mountain support team, but also by every village woman. While two women walked hand-in-hand with me, the others danced in circles around us as if in 58 of a victory.

　   I knew I wasn't the first Western female to make the climb. But with the women villagers 59 accompanying me, I felt a strong sense of 60 And I suspected they felt the same.

　41.A. formally   B. fortunately  C.especially   D.surely

　42.A. achieved   B.wandered      C.explored     D.arrived

　43. A. rare      B.typical      C.disgusting    D.ridiculous

　44. A. consulting  B.attempting  C. preparing   D.operating

　45. A. reward      B.invitation  C.command      D.permit

　46. A. generous    B.pleased     C.curious      D.regretful

　47. A. concerns    B.thrills     C.surprises    D.problems

　48. A. happened to B.appealed to C.led to       D.belonged to

　49. A. bargain     B.possibility C.promotion    D.dilemma

　50. A. fancy       B.support     C.reason       D.disagreement

　51. A. finished    B.enjoyed     C.continued    D.suggested

　52. A. determined  B.annoyed     C.delighted    D.embarrassed

　53. A. alarming    B.ringing     C.breaking     D.exploding

　54. A. observe     B.realize     C.strengthen   D.follow

　55. A. exchange    B.connection  C.arrangement  D.explanation

　56. A. warned      B.refused     C.advised      D.reminded

　57. A. joined      B.expected    C.frightened   D.teased

　58. A. celebration B.search      C.possession   D.defence

　59.A. carefully    B.boringly    C.proudly      D.patiently

　60. A. relief      B.accomplishment C.justice   D.guilty

　第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）

　    阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 

　    IELTS( International English Language Testing System) is the world’s most popular English language test. More than 3 million IELTS tests are taken 61(annual).

　Taking the IELTS test opens doors一it can help you live, study and work around the world. More than 10,000 62    ( organization) worldwide accept IELTS, including government, academic and employment institutions. In  fact, IELTS is the only English language test 63 is accepted for immigration purposes by all countries that require one.

　    The IELTS test,    64    ( design) to help you use English in your new life abroad, covers various content areas. In  65    (little)than three hours, it will assess all of your English skills：

　listening, reading, writing and speaking.

　     The most effective way of testing your English conversation skills 66 (be)face-to-face. IELTS is the most widely accepted English language test with a one-on-one speaking test 67    (evaluate) your English language communication skills.

　IELTS is made by experts in English language assessment and is considered 68 ( rely) around the world.

　    Therefore, you can be sure that 69 will give a fair and consistent assessment of your English skills.

　    If you wish to take the IELTS test, please visit its official website 70 test registrations. 

　第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

　第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）

　    假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　     增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（

　∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　     删除:把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。

　     修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　     2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

　      This morning, before going to my office, I went to a restaurant to get something on breakfast. It turned out that I was there not just for myself, and for Be van as well.

　    On my way in, I saw someone seating outside the door, which appeared to be homeless. When asked, she says her name was Bevan. Unlucky, Bevan was living without shelter then. I felt necessary to help her in a small way. So I went inside and bought her several hamburger and a hot coffee. When receiving them, he smiled and kept thanking to me. Her smile also brightened my whole day.

　第二节书面表达（满分25分）

　    假定你是李华，你的英国好友Felix来信说他对中国古代名人很感兴趣，请你就此给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：

　     1.简要介绍你最喜欢的古代名人；

　    2.你喜欢他/她的理由；

　    3.邀请Felix来华感受中华文化。

　 注意：1.词数100左右；

　      2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

　 参考词汇：名人celebrity

　八市2019届高三语文第四次测评试卷

　2018—一2019学年度下期八市重点高中联盟

　“领军考试”高三语文试题

　注意事项：

　 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题纸上。

　 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题纸对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题纸上。写在本试卷上无效。

　 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。 

　一、现代文阅读（36分）

　(一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）

　阅读下面的文字，完成1?3题。

　     任何一种审美，都分为物象审美与心智审美，欣赏古代艺术品，更是如此。物象审美，是一个初级的阶段，只停留在皮相的欣赏，如釉色、造型、图案等。而深入到物象之里的心智审美，是一个高级的阶段，能进入器物的核心价值，了解其产生的根本动因。也就是说，理解了皮相的特征，还要求得其所以然，那就需要研究其时代风尚、时代审美以及工艺技术的来龙去脉。只有这样，才能与古物气息相通，领会器物的象征作用，深入堂奥。

　     比如中国历史上最伟大的瓷器、也是世界器物史上最有名的品种——汝窑瓷器。汝窑瓷器表面看全身是素雅的青釉装饰，或瓶或盆或笔洗等。为何用简约的素雅之釉装饰？汝窑瓷器首先有着特殊的年代限定，据考证是宋徽宗时代二十年里生产的神品，是宫廷烧造、数量有限、流传不足百件的神奇传说，世界各大博物馆以拥有一件汝窑瓷器为荣，这些特定的文化内涵，在中国乃至世界陶瓷史上，难出其右。其次，宋代是一个众多优质瓷器林立的时代，而汝窑瓷器之釉饰以及埋伏着特有的文化信息，才使其木秀于林，鹤立鸡群。

　     汝窑产品施天青釉，内为香灰胎，其意指天地。青色，是中国古代文化中首要的颜色。青色是天，天的概念是中国古代哲学中最核心的部分。如此看汝窑瓷器，就不会停留在汝窑瓷器。打破拍卖的天价这个层面上，而会视其为一种象征，一个寓言，任何装饰手段在她面前皆是浮云，其至圣境界，就是“王”，陶瓷界定汝窑器为王，即是此理。如要进一步推究，还可继 续，经过大唐盛世，文化辉煌够了，精彩够了，堂皇够了；到了宋，文化应该休闲一下，回归一下，不要把人与自然的关系搞得那么紧张，而是顺其自然，因势而为。宋人达到了这个境界， 是历史的必然，宋代的很多器物，都体现了这个特征，感性之后归于理性，灿烂之后趋于平淡，器物之理，乃人性之变也。宋人各类文化充满玄机，此言不谬。还说汝窑瓷器，还有一个特征，因表面气泡的缘故，造成了“寥若晨星”，这是古人的评语，多么美妙，四个字足以构成一首 诗，一篇散文，足以打动后世每一个人：浩瀚天宇间有星光闪烁，星星与天空的对应关系，是不是能涵盖一切？在你的心中是否会有一刻晨星寥寥的美景？

　    可见，欣赏古代陶瓷艺术，既要重视其外相的元素构成，更要探寻其精神密码的埋伏，久而久之，就可以避免单向度视角，避免狭隘的商业心理。古物给予我们更高远的境界，滋养我们疲念又贫乏的心灵，让我们健康、审美地活下去，这才是收藏古物最终的真诗。

　 (摘编自程庸《文物的心智审美》）

　1.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）

　A.瓷器的物象审美指的是对瓷器的轴色、造型、图案等表象外在元素的品味与欣赏。

　 B.作为审美的初级阶段，物象审美只停留在皮相的层面，在整个审美过程中并不重要。

　 C.意指天地、顺其自然、因势而为等是汝窑瓷器全身素雅青釉装饰中包含的精神密码。

　 D.没有心智审美，收藏家就无法与文物气息相通，领会其象征作用，心灵难以得到滋养。

　 2.下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是（3分）

　A.文章运用了举例论证，以汝瓷为例，重点阐述了文物的心智审美及其重要意义。

　 B.文章指出任何一种审美都包括初级阶段的物象审美和高级阶段的心智审美。

　 C.文章第三段从并列角度把汝窑瓷器的釉饰及其所埋伏的特有文化信息揭示出来。

　 D.文章以文物审美为话题，按照总分总结构行文，篇末揭示了收藏古物最终的真谛。

　 3.根据原文内容，下列说法正确的一项是（3分）

　A.汝瓷能打破拍卖的天价，跟它不但是宋代优质瓷器的翘楚而且还是陶瓷之冠有关。

　 B.汝窑瓷器因为在宫廷烧造，存世数量又极其有限，所以有瓷器中的“神品”之誉。

　 C.宋徽宗时代虽然文化已经逐渐衰颓，但其休闲的文化氛围却孕育了瓷器的巅峰之作。

　 D.物象审美与心智审美互为表里，两者结合，就能获得多向度视角和开阔的商业心理。

　 (二）实用类文本阅读（本题共3小题，12分）

　阅读下面的文字，完成4?6题。

　 材料一：

　    《中国网络版权产业发展报告（2018)》显示，我国网络版权产业持续快速增长，产业结构更加多元。报告显示，传统文化产业正在积极拥抱互联网，加快数字转型。在数字阅读领域，数字阅读平台培育了用户的在线阅读习惯，用户阅读习惯的迁移推动出版社对数字阅读平台从被动接纳转为主动接受2017年中国网络视频用户付费市场规模为218亿元，同比增长接近翻番，用户4费成为网络视频领域增长新动能。中国数字阅读市场规模突破百亿元，同比增长31. 1%。此外，得益于移动电竞和社交网络的助推，网络游戏市场规模增长依然可观，2017年中国网络游戏市场规模达到2355亿元,，同比增长32%。2017年中国网络音乐市场规 模已达到175亿元，同比增长22%。网络媒体依托广告形式创新和移动端流量继续保持市场规模稳增，2017年中国网络新闻资讯市场规模达305亿元，同比增长超过40%,其中移动端新闻收入占比超过75%,主要的收入来源为原生信息流广告和头部品牌广告。

　     值得注意的是，网络直播打赏模式在去年异军突起，拉动了整体市场规模的增长。2017 年中国网络直播用户规模达4.22亿人，网民渗透率达54%，产业市场规模接近400亿元，成为仅次于游戏的用户付费产业。因特别适合移动互联网观看时间和场景的需求，短视频产业增长更为迅猛，用户规模突破4亿人，同比增长115%。

　 (摘编自《国家版权局:2017年中国网络版权产值突破6000亿元》新华网”2018年4月23日） 

　材料二 ：

　    “中国网民的付费意愿越来越强。”文化产业研究专家、北京大学教授陈少峰分析，网民付费意愿的增强从根本上说是居民收入在增加，“只有手里有钱，才敢花钱”；其次，移动支付手 段的普及，降低了付费门槛，“钱花起来方便又快捷，第三，优质内容是吸引用户的重要原因， “有不少用户就是为了看一部剧才花钱成了付费会员”。他认为，未来随着消费结构的不断升 级，我国居民在文化娱乐方面"的投入将进一步增加，网络用户的付费比例还会进一步提高。

　     用户付费模式改变了长期以来我国互联网产业“内容免费+广告推广，，的落后模式，促使互联网行业加大优质内容的采购力度。同时，高涨的版权价格促使各大网络平台加大了自制内容的生产力度。优酷自制剧《白夜追凶》在国内赢得高收视率和好口碑，还成功“出海”，在 全球190多个国家和地区播出。网络版权产业的财富效应极大激发了创作的热情。据统计，仅2017年一年新增的签约网络小说就达到22万部，平均每天有600多部。

　 (摘编自《中国网络版权产业正在崛起》，《人民日报》2018年11月15日）

　材料三：

　     国家版权局数据显示，2017年中国网络版权产业的市场规模达6365亿元。其中，网络版权产业用户付费规模达3184亿，占比规模突破50%，标志着网络版权产业进入重视内容质量的时代《此外，以往网络核心版权产业收入依赖游戏和广告的二元结构正在打破。

　     虽然中国的网络版权产业一直保持快速增长，但同时也面临着流量红利衰减的挑战。因此，提升存量消费市场的质量是未来竞争的焦点。以往过度重视流量，现在转向于重视质量；过去过于重视分发，现在已经升华到非常重视原创团队的建设。中国网络版权产业各领域正积极融合发展。在技术侧，“内容+社交+ AI大数据”推动信息流、音乐社交以及微信小程序 等新内容生态的形成。在产业生态方面，互联网与影视、出版、音乐、动漫等上游产业还将进一步深入融合，培育更加繁荣的原创市场。专家表示，随着版权市场进入精品化竞争阶段，行业更加迫切需要创新商业模式和发展用户付费市场，这均依赖于持续的版权内容保护与良好 的版权竞争秩序。中国网络版权产业已经站在6000亿的新历史起点，在可预见的未来，深耕内容精品，保护原创精神，尊重创作人才，中国才能从版权大国走向版权强国。

　 (摘编自《我国网络版权产业持续快速增长，产业结构更加多元》，《经济日报)》2018年4月26曰）

　4.下列对材料相关内容的理解，不正确的一项是(3分）

　A.从材料可以看出，目前中国网络版权产业领域主要包括网络游戏、网络直播、网络新闻资讯与广告、网络视频、网络音乐和数字阅读等。

　 B.网络版权用户付费意愿的增强主要是因为收人的增长，另外，移动支付手段的普及，也降低了收费标准，比以前更加优惠、方便和快捷。

　 C.2017年新增签约网络小说大幅增长，平均每天就有600多部，充分体现了网络版权产业的财富效应，极大激发了网络作家的创作热情。

　 D.我国网络版权产业进人精品化竞争阶段，创新商业模式和发展用户付费市场，这都离不开持续的版权内容保护与良好的版权竞争秩序。

　 5.下列对材料相关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）

　A.传统文化产业与互联网逐渐融合，数字阅读平台培养了用户的在线阅读习惯，而在线阅读习惯的迁移又推动出版业主动进行数字转型。

　 B.“内容免费+广告推广”模式主要依赖流量和分发来实现赢利，结构单一，十分落后，这种经营方式在我国互联网产业中曾长期存在。

　 C.《中国网络版权产业发展报告（2018)》显示，2017年网络版权产业的市场规模达6365亿元，我国已经从版权大国走向版权强国。

　 D.消费结构升级会进一步带动人们在娱乐方面的花费，人们对优质内容的需求也更加迫切，精品内容和用户的付费比例将实现双增长。

　 6.根据上述材料，概括2017年我国网络版权产业发展呈现哪些特点。（6分）

　答： 

　(三）文学类文本阅读（本题共3小题，15分）

　阅读下面的文字，完成7?9题。

　 疏枝横斜的勃拉姆斯

　肖复兴

　    雪后的小年夜，去国家大剧院看芝加哥交响乐团的演出，心里充满雪一样晶莹的期待。这一次，芝加哥交响乐团带来的是莫扎特的第四十一交响曲《朱庇特》和勃拉姆斯的第二交响曲。这是一个有意思的选择，选择了交响乐的前期和中后期的代表作，足踏一条河的上游和下游，让我们观赏相同的水脉涟漪和不同的沿岸风光。一个晚上，度过了一百多年的时光。

　     勃拉姆斯一生只有四部交响曲，听勃拉姆斯，第二交响乐是必选。这部交响曲，勃拉姆斯在世时就红遍整个欧洲，迄今一直被认为是勃拉姆斯最经典的音乐。一开始低音弦乐如蜂群 在欲雨的低空下嗡嗡盘桓，便先声夺人；接着，法国号和木管美丽动人地响起，撕破云层，洒下 一道道柔和的光；然后，大提琴和中提琴响起热情又有些忧郁的歌，让那一道道的光既明亮又扑朔不定，真的是一唱三叠，有着那样层次分明的起伏，如同扯着一袭华丽的丝绸在风中在光中翩翩舞动，抖动得绸面上光斑闪烁，变幻迷离，绽开着缤纷层叠的花朵。     

　    第三乐章，被公认为是勃拉姆斯天才的独创。这一接近回旋曲的乐章，妩媚得如同勃拉 姆斯的恋人克拉拉一样迷人。它那来自民间舞曲的悠扬旋律，让人想起阳光下轻快的舞蹈，双簧管在大提琴的弹拨下的忧伤宛若月光下迷离的疏影婆娑，木管和单簧管在弦乐的烘托下 如夜色中的雾霭一样轻轻地荡漾。那种纯正的德意志味道，被芝加哥乐团演奏得有些怪怪的。据说，这部交响曲首演时受到了热烈的欢迎，观众忍不住站起来向勃拉姆斯致意。

　     很多人都认为这部交响曲是勃拉姆斯的一部田园诗，沿承的是贝多芬的第四交响曲之风。但在我听来，田园诗只是花开的一瞬，便流云般飘散，第一乐章后半部分出现的撩人的长笛，沉痛的法国号，第二乐章最后出现的尖锐的长号，我是怎么再也听不出田园的味道来了的。第四乐章，让芝加哥交响乐团久负盛名的铜管乐有了用武之地，尽管可以一扫前几乐章 出现的丝丝阴霾，却依然让人在欢乐中有些感伤，在激荡中有些旁枝横逸的若有所思。

　     或许，这就是勃拉姆斯。同他的前辈比，他已经不是莫扎特和贝多芬时代的交响思维了；同他的同辈比，他不是柏辽兹的交响曲那样离经叛道，也不是浪漫派交响曲那样充满多汁起腻而泛滥的多愁善感。当然，对充斥乐坛的交响乐大多是对贝多芬时代毫无表情和生气的拙劣模仿而言，他更是拉开了天壤之别的距离。克制感情，尤其克制抒情性和戏剧性，却又不屑于感情单一和世俗；期待交响乐的新思维，不满足于单摆浮搁的交响乐的既定格式；使得勃拉 姆斯的交响乐在内容和形式上都极其丰富，有了宽厚的延展性。

　     在浪漫主义后期，勃拉姆斯最大的贡献，除了弦乐四重奏，就是对交响乐身体力行的改革。这种改革，回归古典主义，又不尽是贝多芬式的古典主义，被称之为新古典主义。对比贝多芬时代，对于音乐现实而言，音乐史家朗格曾经说同样的河流，在勃拉姆斯是向后倒流的，而在贝多 芬则是向前涌进的。”对于音乐主旨而言，朗格说:“贝多芬是歌德的副本，勃拉姆斯是易卜生。”也就是说，勃拉姆斯更多内省，而不是贝多芬澎湃式的激流勇进，和他的后来者激进的马勒，也拉开了明显的距离。因此，勃拉姆斯的交响曲很出名，但很难演绎，他不如贝多芬和马勒那样可以在 瞬间激荡得水花四溢，也不如柴可夫斯基那样缠绵得泪水涟涟，难就难在他的那种内省和古典 精神的把握。所以，演奏勃拉姆斯交响曲，没有演奏贝多芬和马勒的那样热门，那样讨喜。在以 前的版本中，卡拉扬和阿巴多指挥的柏林爱乐乐团演奏的勃拉姆斯的第二交响曲，都曾经受到过欢迎，被评为企鹅三星。如今，能达到那样的水准，有些难度。

　     在马泽尔指挥下，芝加哥交响乐团对勃拉姆斯这部第二交响曲的演绎，有能力，有节制，却也随意。久经沧海的马泽尔，像个老顽童，将一部内在潜台词和情感丰富的大戏般的音乐，处理得过于云淡风轻，特别是缺少了勃拉姆斯深埋内心的感情涌动。说实在的，远不如最后 加演勃拉姆斯和瓦格纳的两支曲子精彩，倒更能彰显芝加哥乐团的本色，和马泽尔本人的那么一点难得的幽默。看他一手挥舞着指挥棒，一手扶着指挥台的栏杆，总觉得像看一幅丰子恺先生画的那种水墨人物画，带动得勃拉姆斯也如一钩弯月，疏枝横斜起来。

　     同样的疏枝横斜，不同的是，马泽尔是抬头望月，勃拉姆斯则是低头沉思。

　 (选自《肖复兴散文新作》，有删改）

　7.下列对散文相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（3分）

　A.这是一篇融形象性与知识性为一体的音乐随笔，主要讲述了作者小年夜在国家大剧院欣赏